Phonetic variation as a function of sexual orientation in Rainbow women (20179)
This study explores the phonetic production of Rainbow Women (RW), defined here as self-identified LGBTQIA+ cis women, trans women, and femme-aligned people. It aims to address how individual speakers make use of phonetic resources to style shift between LGBTQIA+ conversational spaces (see [1]) and spaces in which their identities as RW are still othered. This research takes a 3rd wave ([2]) variationist approach by examining how individual speakers use linguistic variation to construct their Rainbow identities in interactions. The initial stage of this research has involved interviews with 12 members of local Rainbow communities (RCs) to ensure the research practices are community-informed. Participants’ self-described sexual orientation, along with measures of Rainbow identity and sense of RC were used to assess identity centrality and connectedness within RCs. Subsequent data collection has explored style shifting through a series of case studies in which RW record themselves in several contexts, together with controlled laboratory recordings. The phonetic variables investigated include the use of pitch variation, including uptalk and creak, and vowel dispersion. These have been found to be significant in other populations of RW (e.g. [3], [4]) but are further tailored to New Zealand English. This research contributes to 3rd wave sociolinguistic methods in the study of sexual orientation, minority communities, and identity.
- [1] Levon, E. (2011) Teasing Apart to Bring Together: Gender and Sexuality in Variationist Research. American Speech; 86 (1): 69–84.
- [2] Eckert, P. (2012). Three waves of variation study: The emergence of meaning in the study of sociolinguistic variation. Annual Review of Anthropology, 41(1): 87-100.
- [3] Pierrehumbert et al. (2004). The influence of sexual orientation on vowel production. JASA, 116(4): 1905-1908.
- [4] van Borsel et al. (2013). Pitch and pitch variation in lesbian women. J. Voice, 27(5): 656.e13–656.e16.